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Published in : Aug 22, 2024
Global Mushroom Market Research Report - Market Share Analysis, Industry Trends & Statistics, Growth Forecasts (2025 - 2033)

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Report Summary Catalogue Methodological


Definition and Scope:
Mushrooms are a type of fungi that are widely consumed for their nutritional value and unique flavor profile. They come in various types such as button, shiitake, oyster, and portobello, each offering distinct tastes and textures. Mushrooms are versatile ingredients used in a wide range of dishes, from salads and soups to stir-fries and pasta dishes. They are also valued for their potential health benefits, being low in calories and fat while high in fiber, vitamins, and minerals. As a result, mushrooms have gained popularity among health-conscious consumers and those following vegetarian or vegan diets.
The market for mushrooms is experiencing steady growth globally, driven by several factors. One of the key market trends is the increasing awareness of the health benefits associated with mushroom consumption. Mushrooms are rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, making them a popular choice for consumers looking to improve their overall well-being. In addition, the rising trend of plant-based diets and vegetarianism is driving demand for mushrooms as a meat substitute in various dishes. Moreover, the culinary versatility of mushrooms and their ability to enhance the flavor of a wide range of dishes are contributing to their growing popularity in the food industry.
Furthermore, technological advancements in mushroom cultivation techniques are also driving market growth. Innovations in indoor farming methods, such as vertical farming and controlled environment agriculture, have enabled year-round production of high-quality mushrooms. This has led to increased supply and availability of mushrooms in the market, meeting the growing demand from consumers and foodservice providers alike. Additionally, the expansion of distribution channels, including online retail platforms and grocery stores, has made mushrooms more accessible to a wider audience. Overall, the mushroom market is poised for continued growth as consumers seek nutritious and sustainable food options in their daily diet.
The global Mushroom market size was estimated at USD 45163.9 million in 2024, exhibiting a CAGR of 5.40% during the forecast period.
This report offers a comprehensive analysis of the global Mushroom market, examining all key dimensions. It provides both a macro-level overview and micro-level market details, including market size, trends, competitive landscape, niche segments, growth drivers, and key challenges.
Report Framework and Key Highlights: Market Dynamics: Identification of major market drivers, restraints, opportunities, and challenges.
Trend Analysis: Examination of ongoing and emerging trends impacting the market.
Competitive Landscape: Detailed profiles and market positioning of major players, including market share, operational status, product offerings, and strategic developments.
Strategic Analysis Tools: SWOT Analysis, Porter’s Five Forces Analysis, PEST Analysis, Value Chain Analysis
Market Segmentation: By type, application, region, and end-user industry.
Forecasting and Growth Projections: In-depth revenue forecasts and CAGR analysis through 2033.
This report equips readers with critical insights to navigate competitive dynamics and develop effective strategies. Whether assessing a new market entry or refining existing strategies, the report serves as a valuable tool for:
Industry players
Investors
Researchers
Consultants
Business strategists
And all stakeholders with an interest or investment in the Mushroom market.
Global Mushroom Market: Segmentation Analysis and Strategic Insights
This section of the report provides an in-depth segmentation analysis of the global Mushroom market. The market is segmented based on region (country), manufacturer, product type, and application. Segmentation enables a more precise understanding of market dynamics and facilitates targeted strategies across product development, marketing, and sales.
By breaking the market into meaningful subsets, stakeholders can better tailor their offerings to the specific needs of each segment—enhancing competitiveness and improving return on investment.
Global Mushroom Market: Market Segmentation Analysis
The research report includes specific segments by region (country), manufacturers, Type, and Application. Market segmentation creates subsets of a market based on product type, end-user or application, Geographic, and other factors. By understanding the market segments, the decision-maker can leverage this targeting in the product, sales, and marketing strategies. Market segments can power your product development cycles by informing how you create product offerings for different segments.
Key Companies Profiled
Costa Group
Bonduelle Fresh Europe
Drinkwater’s Mushrooms Limited
Greenyard NV (Lutece)
Monaghan Mushrooms Ireland
Monterey Mushrooms Inc.
Okechamp S.A.
Shanghai Finc Bio-Tech Inc
The Mushroom Company
CMP Mushrooms
Chongqing Eusinasia Foods Co.
Ltd.
Hubei Wanhe Food Co.
Ltd.
Dalian Gaishi Health Food Co.
Ltd.
Kunming Tairao Commerce & Trade Co.
Ltd.
Shanghai Detan Mushroom & Truffles Co.
Ltd.
Qingdao HanHaiDa Import And Export Co.
Ltd.
Henan Alchemy Food Co.
Ltd.
Lianfeng (Suizhou) Food Co.
Ltd.
Modern Mushroom Farms
Scelta Mushrooms
Market Segmentation by Type
Button Mushroom
Shiitake Mushroom
Oyster Mushroom
Others
Market Segmentation by Application
Food Processing Industry
Retail Outlets
Food Services
Geographic Segmentation North America: United States, Canada, Mexico
Europe: Germany, France, Italy, U.K., Spain, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, Russia.
Asia-Pacific: China, Japan, South Korea, India, Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand
South America: Brazil, Argentina, Colombia.
Middle East and Africa (MEA): Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, Rest of MEA
Report Framework and Chapter Summary Chapter 1: Report Scope and Market Definition
This chapter outlines the statistical boundaries and scope of the report. It defines the segmentation standards used throughout the study, including criteria for dividing the market by region, product type, application, and other relevant dimensions. It establishes the foundational definitions and classifications that guide the rest of the analysis.
Chapter 2: Executive Summary
This chapter presents a concise summary of the market’s current status and future outlook across different segments—by geography, product type, and application. It includes key metrics such as market size, growth trends, and development potential for each segment. The chapter offers a high-level overview of the Mushroom Market, highlighting its evolution over the short, medium, and long term.
Chapter 3: Market Dynamics and Policy Environment
This chapter explores the latest developments in the market, identifying key growth drivers, restraints, challenges, and risks faced by industry participants. It also includes an analysis of the policy and regulatory landscape affecting the market, providing insight into how external factors may shape future performance.
Chapter 4: Competitive Landscape
This chapter provides a detailed assessment of the market's competitive environment. It covers market share, production capacity, output, pricing trends, and strategic developments such as mergers, acquisitions, and expansion plans of leading players. This analysis offers a comprehensive view of the positioning and performance of top competitors.
Chapters 5–10: Regional Market Analysis
These chapters offer in-depth, quantitative evaluations of market size and growth potential across major regions and countries. Each chapter assesses regional consumption patterns, market dynamics, development prospects, and available capacity. The analysis helps readers understand geographical differences and opportunities in global markets.
Chapter 11: Market Segmentation by Product Type
This chapter examines the market based on product type, analyzing the size, growth trends, and potential of each segment. It helps stakeholders identify underexplored or high-potential product categories—often referred to as “blue ocean” opportunities.
Chapter 12: Market Segmentation by Application
This chapter analyzes the market based on application fields, providing insights into the scale and future development of each application segment. It supports readers in identifying high-growth areas across downstream markets.
Chapter 13: Company Profiles
This chapter presents comprehensive profiles of leading companies operating in the market. For each company, it details sales revenue, volume, pricing, gross profit margin, market share, product offerings, and recent strategic developments. This section offers valuable insight into corporate performance and strategy.
Chapter 14: Industry Chain and Value Chain Analysis
This chapter explores the full industry chain, from upstream raw material suppliers to downstream application sectors. It includes a value chain analysis that highlights the interconnections and dependencies across various parts of the ecosystem.
Chapter 15: Key Findings and Conclusions
The final chapter summarizes the main takeaways from the report, presenting the core conclusions, strategic recommendations, and implications for stakeholders. It encapsulates the insights drawn from all previous chapters.
Table of Contents
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Mushroom Market Definition
1.2 Mushroom Market Segments
1.2.1 Segment by Type
1.2.2 Segment by Application
2 Executive Summary
2.1 Global Mushroom Market Size
2.2 Market Segmentation – by Type
2.3 Market Segmentation – by Application
2.4 Market Segmentation – by Geography
3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
3.1 Key Takeway
3.2 Market Opportunities & Trends
3.3 Market Drivers
3.4 Market Restraints
3.5 Market Major Factor Assessment
4 Global Mushroom Market Competitive Landscape
4.1 Global Mushroom Sales by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
4.2 Global Mushroom Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
4.3 Mushroom Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
4.4 New Entrant and Capacity Expansion Plans
4.5 Mergers & Acquisitions
5 Global Mushroom Market by Region
5.1 Global Mushroom Market Size by Region
5.1.1 Global Mushroom Market Size by Region
5.1.2 Global Mushroom Market Size Market Share by Region
5.2 Global Mushroom Sales by Region
5.2.1 Global Mushroom Sales by Region
5.2.2 Global Mushroom Sales Market Share by Region
6 North America Market Overview
6.1 North America Mushroom Market Size by Country
6.1.1 USA Market Overview
6.1.2 Canada Market Overview
6.1.3 Mexico Market Overview
6.2 North America Mushroom Market Size by Type
6.3 North America Mushroom Market Size by Application
6.4 Top Players in North America Mushroom Market
7 Europe Market Overview
7.1 Europe Mushroom Market Size by Country
7.1.1 Germany Market Overview
7.1.2 France Market Overview
7.1.3 U.K. Market Overview
7.1.4 Italy Market Overview
7.1.5 Spain Market Overview
7.1.6 Sweden Market Overview
7.1.7 Denmark Market Overview
7.1.8 Netherlands Market Overview
7.1.9 Switzerland Market Overview
7.1.10 Belgium Market Overview
7.1.11 Russia Market Overview
7.2 Europe Mushroom Market Size by Type
7.3 Europe Mushroom Market Size by Application
7.4 Top Players in Europe Mushroom Market
8 Asia-Pacific Market Overview
8.1 Asia-Pacific Mushroom Market Size by Country
8.1.1 China Market Overview
8.1.2 Japan Market Overview
8.1.3 South Korea Market Overview
8.1.4 India Market Overview
8.1.5 Australia Market Overview
8.1.6 Indonesia Market Overview
8.1.7 Malaysia Market Overview
8.1.8 Philippines Market Overview
8.1.9 Singapore Market Overview
8.1.10 Thailand Market Overview
8.1.11 Rest of APAC Market Overview
8.2 Asia-Pacific Mushroom Market Size by Type
8.3 Asia-Pacific Mushroom Market Size by Application
8.4 Top Players in Asia-Pacific Mushroom Market
9 South America Market Overview
9.1 South America Mushroom Market Size by Country
9.1.1 Brazil Market Overview
9.1.2 Argentina Market Overview
9.1.3 Columbia Market Overview
9.2 South America Mushroom Market Size by Type
9.3 South America Mushroom Market Size by Application
9.4 Top Players in South America Mushroom Market
10 Middle East and Africa Market Overview
10.1 Middle East and Africa Mushroom Market Size by Country
10.1.1 Saudi Arabia Market Overview
10.1.2 UAE Market Overview
10.1.3 Egypt Market Overview
10.1.4 Nigeria Market Overview
10.1.5 South Africa Market Overview
10.2 Middle East and Africa Mushroom Market Size by Type
10.3 Middle East and Africa Mushroom Market Size by Application
10.4 Top Players in Middle East and Africa Mushroom Market
11 Mushroom Market Segmentation by Type
11.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
11.2 Global Mushroom Sales Market Share by Type (2020-2033)
11.3 Global Mushroom Market Size Market Share by Type (2020-2033)
11.4 Global Mushroom Price by Type (2020-2033)
12 Mushroom Market Segmentation by Application
12.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
12.2 Global Mushroom Market Sales by Application (2020-2033)
12.3 Global Mushroom Market Size (M USD) by Application (2020-2033)
12.4 Global Mushroom Sales Growth Rate by Application (2020-2033)
13 Company Profiles
13.1 Costa Group
13.1.1 Costa Group Company Overview
13.1.2 Costa Group Business Overview
13.1.3 Costa Group Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.1.4 Costa Group Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.1.5 Key News
13.2 Bonduelle Fresh Europe
13.2.1 Bonduelle Fresh Europe Company Overview
13.2.2 Bonduelle Fresh Europe Business Overview
13.2.3 Bonduelle Fresh Europe Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.2.4 Bonduelle Fresh Europe Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.2.5 Key News
13.3 Drinkwater’s Mushrooms Limited
13.3.1 Drinkwater’s Mushrooms Limited Company Overview
13.3.2 Drinkwater’s Mushrooms Limited Business Overview
13.3.3 Drinkwater’s Mushrooms Limited Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.3.4 Drinkwater’s Mushrooms Limited Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.3.5 Key News
13.4 Greenyard NV (Lutece)
13.4.1 Greenyard NV (Lutece) Company Overview
13.4.2 Greenyard NV (Lutece) Business Overview
13.4.3 Greenyard NV (Lutece) Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.4.4 Greenyard NV (Lutece) Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.4.5 Key News
13.5 Monaghan Mushrooms Ireland
13.5.1 Monaghan Mushrooms Ireland Company Overview
13.5.2 Monaghan Mushrooms Ireland Business Overview
13.5.3 Monaghan Mushrooms Ireland Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.5.4 Monaghan Mushrooms Ireland Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.5.5 Key News
13.6 Monterey Mushrooms Inc.
13.6.1 Monterey Mushrooms Inc. Company Overview
13.6.2 Monterey Mushrooms Inc. Business Overview
13.6.3 Monterey Mushrooms Inc. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.6.4 Monterey Mushrooms Inc. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.6.5 Key News
13.7 Okechamp S.A.
13.7.1 Okechamp S.A. Company Overview
13.7.2 Okechamp S.A. Business Overview
13.7.3 Okechamp S.A. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.7.4 Okechamp S.A. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.7.5 Key News
13.8 Shanghai Finc Bio-Tech Inc
13.8.1 Shanghai Finc Bio-Tech Inc Company Overview
13.8.2 Shanghai Finc Bio-Tech Inc Business Overview
13.8.3 Shanghai Finc Bio-Tech Inc Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.8.4 Shanghai Finc Bio-Tech Inc Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.8.5 Key News
13.9 The Mushroom Company
13.9.1 The Mushroom Company Company Overview
13.9.2 The Mushroom Company Business Overview
13.9.3 The Mushroom Company Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.9.4 The Mushroom Company Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.9.5 Key News
13.10 CMP Mushrooms
13.10.1 CMP Mushrooms Company Overview
13.10.2 CMP Mushrooms Business Overview
13.10.3 CMP Mushrooms Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.10.4 CMP Mushrooms Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.10.5 Key News
13.11 Chongqing Eusinasia Foods Co.
13.11.1 Chongqing Eusinasia Foods Co. Company Overview
13.11.2 Chongqing Eusinasia Foods Co. Business Overview
13.11.3 Chongqing Eusinasia Foods Co. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.11.4 Chongqing Eusinasia Foods Co. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.11.5 Key News
13.12 Ltd.
13.12.1 Ltd. Company Overview
13.12.2 Ltd. Business Overview
13.12.3 Ltd. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.12.4 Ltd. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.12.5 Key News
13.13 Hubei Wanhe Food Co.
13.13.1 Hubei Wanhe Food Co. Company Overview
13.13.2 Hubei Wanhe Food Co. Business Overview
13.13.3 Hubei Wanhe Food Co. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.13.4 Hubei Wanhe Food Co. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.13.5 Key News
13.14 Ltd.
13.14.1 Ltd. Company Overview
13.14.2 Ltd. Business Overview
13.14.3 Ltd. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.14.4 Ltd. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.14.5 Key News
13.15 Dalian Gaishi Health Food Co.
13.15.1 Dalian Gaishi Health Food Co. Company Overview
13.15.2 Dalian Gaishi Health Food Co. Business Overview
13.15.3 Dalian Gaishi Health Food Co. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.15.4 Dalian Gaishi Health Food Co. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.15.5 Key News
13.16 Ltd.
13.16.1 Ltd. Company Overview
13.16.2 Ltd. Business Overview
13.16.3 Ltd. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.16.4 Ltd. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.16.5 Key News
13.17 Kunming Tairao Commerce and Trade Co.
13.17.1 Kunming Tairao Commerce and Trade Co. Company Overview
13.17.2 Kunming Tairao Commerce and Trade Co. Business Overview
13.17.3 Kunming Tairao Commerce and Trade Co. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.17.4 Kunming Tairao Commerce and Trade Co. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.17.5 Key News
13.18 Ltd.
13.18.1 Ltd. Company Overview
13.18.2 Ltd. Business Overview
13.18.3 Ltd. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.18.4 Ltd. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.18.5 Key News
13.19 Shanghai Detan Mushroom and Truffles Co.
13.19.1 Shanghai Detan Mushroom and Truffles Co. Company Overview
13.19.2 Shanghai Detan Mushroom and Truffles Co. Business Overview
13.19.3 Shanghai Detan Mushroom and Truffles Co. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.19.4 Shanghai Detan Mushroom and Truffles Co. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.19.5 Key News
13.20 Ltd.
13.20.1 Ltd. Company Overview
13.20.2 Ltd. Business Overview
13.20.3 Ltd. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.20.4 Ltd. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.20.5 Key News
13.21 Qingdao HanHaiDa Import And Export Co.
13.21.1 Qingdao HanHaiDa Import And Export Co. Company Overview
13.21.2 Qingdao HanHaiDa Import And Export Co. Business Overview
13.21.3 Qingdao HanHaiDa Import And Export Co. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.21.4 Qingdao HanHaiDa Import And Export Co. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.21.5 Key News
13.22 Ltd.
13.22.1 Ltd. Company Overview
13.22.2 Ltd. Business Overview
13.22.3 Ltd. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.22.4 Ltd. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.22.5 Key News
13.23 Henan Alchemy Food Co.
13.23.1 Henan Alchemy Food Co. Company Overview
13.23.2 Henan Alchemy Food Co. Business Overview
13.23.3 Henan Alchemy Food Co. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.23.4 Henan Alchemy Food Co. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.23.5 Key News
13.24 Ltd.
13.24.1 Ltd. Company Overview
13.24.2 Ltd. Business Overview
13.24.3 Ltd. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.24.4 Ltd. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.24.5 Key News
13.25 Lianfeng (Suizhou) Food Co.
13.25.1 Lianfeng (Suizhou) Food Co. Company Overview
13.25.2 Lianfeng (Suizhou) Food Co. Business Overview
13.25.3 Lianfeng (Suizhou) Food Co. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.25.4 Lianfeng (Suizhou) Food Co. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.25.5 Key News
13.26 Ltd.
13.26.1 Ltd. Company Overview
13.26.2 Ltd. Business Overview
13.26.3 Ltd. Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.26.4 Ltd. Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.26.5 Key News
13.27 Modern Mushroom Farms
13.27.1 Modern Mushroom Farms Company Overview
13.27.2 Modern Mushroom Farms Business Overview
13.27.3 Modern Mushroom Farms Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.27.4 Modern Mushroom Farms Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.27.5 Key News
13.28 Scelta Mushrooms
13.28.1 Scelta Mushrooms Company Overview
13.28.2 Scelta Mushrooms Business Overview
13.28.3 Scelta Mushrooms Mushroom Major Product Offerings
13.28.4 Scelta Mushrooms Mushroom Sales and Revenue fromMushroom (2020-2025)
13.28.5 Key News
13.28.6 Key News
14 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
14.1 Key Takeway
14.2 Market Opportunities & Trends
14.3 Market Drivers
14.4 Market Restraints
14.5 Market Major Factor Assessment
14.6 Porter's Five Forces Analysis of Mushroom Market
14.7 PEST Analysis of Mushroom Market
15 Analysis of the Mushroom Industry Chain
15.1 Overview of the Industry Chain
15.2 Upstream Segment Analysis
15.3 Midstream Segment Analysis
15.3.1 Manufacturing, Processing or Conversion Process Analysis
15.3.2 Key Technology Analysis
15.4 Downstream Segment Analysis
15.4.1 Downstream Customer List and Contact Details
15.4.2 Customer Concerns or Preference Analysis
16 Conclusion
17 Appendix
17.1 Methodology
17.2 Research Process and Data Source
17.3 Disclaimer
17.4 Note
17.5 Examples of Clients
17.6 Disclaimer
Research Methodology
The research methodology employed in this study follows a structured, four-stage process designed to ensure the accuracy, consistency, and relevance of all data and insights presented. The process begins with Information Procurement, wherein data is collected from a wide range of primary and secondary sources. This is followed by Information Analysis, during which the collected data is systematically mapped, discrepancies across sources are examined, and consistency is established through cross-validation.


Subsequently, the Market Formulation phase involves placing verified data points into an appropriate market context to generate meaningful conclusions. This step integrates analyst interpretation and expert heuristics to refine findings and ensure applicability. Finally, all conclusions undergo a rigorous Validation and Publishing process, where each data point is re-evaluated before inclusion in the final deliverable. The methodology emphasizes bidirectional flow and reversibility between key stages to maintain flexibility and reinforce the integrity of the analysis.
Research Process
The market research process follows a structured and iterative methodology designed to ensure accuracy, depth, and reliability. It begins with scope definition and research design, where the research objectives are clearly outlined based on client requirements, emerging market trends, and initial exploratory insights. This phase provides strategic direction for all subsequent stages of the research.
Data collection is then conducted through both secondary and primary research. Secondary research involves analyzing publicly available and paid sources such as company filings, industry journals, and government databases to build foundational knowledge. This is followed by primary research, which includes direct interviews and surveys with key industry stakeholders—such as manufacturers, distributors, and end users—to gather firsthand insights and address data gaps identified earlier. Techniques included CATI (Computer-Assisted Telephonic Interviewing), CAWI (Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing), CAVI (Computer-Assisted Video Interviewing via platforms like Zoom and WebEx), and CASI (Computer-Assisted Self Interviewing via email or LinkedIn).