中文 English
Machinery & Equipment
Published in : May 05, 2025
Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Research Report - Market Share Analysis, Industry Trends & Statistics, Growth Forecasts (2025 - 2033)

Version Type

Contact us for more information
Email: market@lookwhole.com
  • 5400USD
  • 4200USD
  • 3880USD
  • 5400USD

Report Summary Catalogue Methodological


Definition and Scope:
Special equipment manufacturing involves the production of customized machinery and equipment designed for specific industrial purposes. This includes equipment such as specialized tools, heavy machinery, and precision instruments tailored to meet the unique requirements of various industries. Companies in this sector typically work closely with clients to design, engineer, and manufacture equipment that enhances operational efficiency, productivity, and safety. Special equipment manufacturing plays a crucial role in supporting industries such as construction, mining, agriculture, and manufacturing by providing them with the tools and machinery needed to carry out their operations effectively.
The market for special equipment manufacturing is experiencing steady growth driven by several key factors. One of the primary drivers is the increasing demand for customized machinery and equipment across various industries. As businesses strive to improve efficiency and productivity, there is a growing need for specialized tools and machinery that can address specific operational challenges. Additionally, technological advancements are playing a significant role in driving market growth, as manufacturers leverage innovations such as automation, IoT, and advanced materials to develop cutting-edge equipment solutions. Moreover, the emphasis on safety regulations and standards is prompting industries to invest in specialized equipment that meets stringent safety requirements, further fueling market demand. Overall, the special equipment manufacturing market is poised for continued expansion as industries increasingly recognize the value of customized machinery in achieving their operational objectives.
The global Special Equipment Manufacturing market size was estimated at USD 1608725.42 million in 2024, exhibiting a CAGR of 4.90% during the forecast period.
This report offers a comprehensive analysis of the global Special Equipment Manufacturing market, examining all key dimensions. It provides both a macro-level overview and micro-level market details, including market size, trends, competitive landscape, niche segments, growth drivers, and key challenges.
Report Framework and Key Highlights: Market Dynamics: Identification of major market drivers, restraints, opportunities, and challenges.
Trend Analysis: Examination of ongoing and emerging trends impacting the market.
Competitive Landscape: Detailed profiles and market positioning of major players, including market share, operational status, product offerings, and strategic developments.
Strategic Analysis Tools: SWOT Analysis, Porter’s Five Forces Analysis, PEST Analysis, Value Chain Analysis
Market Segmentation: By type, application, region, and end-user industry.
Forecasting and Growth Projections: In-depth revenue forecasts and CAGR analysis through 2033.
This report equips readers with critical insights to navigate competitive dynamics and develop effective strategies. Whether assessing a new market entry or refining existing strategies, the report serves as a valuable tool for:
Industry players
Investors
Researchers
Consultants
Business strategists
And all stakeholders with an interest or investment in the Special Equipment Manufacturing market.
Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Market: Segmentation Analysis and Strategic Insights
This section of the report provides an in-depth segmentation analysis of the global Special Equipment Manufacturing market. The market is segmented based on region (country), manufacturer, product type, and application. Segmentation enables a more precise understanding of market dynamics and facilitates targeted strategies across product development, marketing, and sales.
By breaking the market into meaningful subsets, stakeholders can better tailor their offerings to the specific needs of each segment—enhancing competitiveness and improving return on investment.
Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Market: Market Segmentation Analysis
The research report includes specific segments by region (country), manufacturers, Type, and Application. Market segmentation creates subsets of a market based on product type, end-user or application, Geographic, and other factors. By understanding the market segments, the decision-maker can leverage this targeting in the product, sales, and marketing strategies. Market segments can power your product development cycles by informing how you create product offerings for different segments.
Key Companies Profiled
Metso Outotec
Sandvik
ThyssenKrupp
Caterpillar
Lummus Corporation
KraussMaffei Group
Homag Group
GEA
SATAKE CORPORATION
Buhler
Heidelberg
BOBST
Syntegon
Saurer
Rieter
Brother
GE
Siemens
Applied Material
CNH Industrial
Deere
AGCO Corporation
Medtronic
Johnson & Johnson
GE Healthcare
Ecolab
Alfa Laval
Market Segmentation by Type
Mining, Metallurgy, Construction
Chemical, Wood, Non-metal Processing
Food, Beverage, Tobacco and Feed
Printing, Pharmaceutical, Daily Chemicals
Textile, Garment and Leather Industries
Market Segmentation by Application
Electronic and Electrical Machinery
Farming, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishing
Medical Instruments and Equipment
Environmental Protection, Social and Public Security
Others (e.g., Intelligent Robots, etc.)
Geographic Segmentation North America: United States, Canada, Mexico
Europe: Germany, France, Italy, U.K., Spain, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Switzerland, Belgium, Russia.
Asia-Pacific: China, Japan, South Korea, India, Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand
South America: Brazil, Argentina, Colombia.
Middle East and Africa (MEA): Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, Rest of MEA
Report Framework and Chapter Summary Chapter 1: Report Scope and Market Definition
This chapter outlines the statistical boundaries and scope of the report. It defines the segmentation standards used throughout the study, including criteria for dividing the market by region, product type, application, and other relevant dimensions. It establishes the foundational definitions and classifications that guide the rest of the analysis.
Chapter 2: Executive Summary
This chapter presents a concise summary of the market’s current status and future outlook across different segments—by geography, product type, and application. It includes key metrics such as market size, growth trends, and development potential for each segment. The chapter offers a high-level overview of the Special Equipment Manufacturing Market, highlighting its evolution over the short, medium, and long term.
Chapter 3: Market Dynamics and Policy Environment
This chapter explores the latest developments in the market, identifying key growth drivers, restraints, challenges, and risks faced by industry participants. It also includes an analysis of the policy and regulatory landscape affecting the market, providing insight into how external factors may shape future performance.
Chapter 4: Competitive Landscape
This chapter provides a detailed assessment of the market's competitive environment. It covers market share, production capacity, output, pricing trends, and strategic developments such as mergers, acquisitions, and expansion plans of leading players. This analysis offers a comprehensive view of the positioning and performance of top competitors.
Chapters 5–10: Regional Market Analysis
These chapters offer in-depth, quantitative evaluations of market size and growth potential across major regions and countries. Each chapter assesses regional consumption patterns, market dynamics, development prospects, and available capacity. The analysis helps readers understand geographical differences and opportunities in global markets.
Chapter 11: Market Segmentation by Product Type
This chapter examines the market based on product type, analyzing the size, growth trends, and potential of each segment. It helps stakeholders identify underexplored or high-potential product categories—often referred to as “blue ocean” opportunities.
Chapter 12: Market Segmentation by Application
This chapter analyzes the market based on application fields, providing insights into the scale and future development of each application segment. It supports readers in identifying high-growth areas across downstream markets.
Chapter 13: Company Profiles
This chapter presents comprehensive profiles of leading companies operating in the market. For each company, it details sales revenue, volume, pricing, gross profit margin, market share, product offerings, and recent strategic developments. This section offers valuable insight into corporate performance and strategy.
Chapter 14: Industry Chain and Value Chain Analysis
This chapter explores the full industry chain, from upstream raw material suppliers to downstream application sectors. It includes a value chain analysis that highlights the interconnections and dependencies across various parts of the ecosystem.
Chapter 15: Key Findings and Conclusions
The final chapter summarizes the main takeaways from the report, presenting the core conclusions, strategic recommendations, and implications for stakeholders. It encapsulates the insights drawn from all previous chapters.
Table of Contents
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Definition
1.2 Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Segments
1.2.1 Segment by Type
1.2.2 Segment by Application
2 Executive Summary
2.1 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size
2.2 Market Segmentation – by Type
2.3 Market Segmentation – by Application
2.4 Market Segmentation – by Geography
3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
3.1 Key Takeway
3.2 Market Opportunities & Trends
3.3 Market Drivers
3.4 Market Restraints
3.5 Market Major Factor Assessment
4 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Competitive Landscape
4.1 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
4.2 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Revenue Market Share by Manufacturers (2020-2025)
4.3 Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3)
4.4 New Entrant and Capacity Expansion Plans
4.5 Mergers & Acquisitions
5 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Market by Region
5.1 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Region
5.1.1 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Region
5.1.2 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size Market Share by Region
5.2 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales by Region
5.2.1 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales by Region
5.2.2 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales Market Share by Region
6 North America Market Overview
6.1 North America Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Country
6.1.1 USA Market Overview
6.1.2 Canada Market Overview
6.1.3 Mexico Market Overview
6.2 North America Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Type
6.3 North America Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Application
6.4 Top Players in North America Special Equipment Manufacturing Market
7 Europe Market Overview
7.1 Europe Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Country
7.1.1 Germany Market Overview
7.1.2 France Market Overview
7.1.3 U.K. Market Overview
7.1.4 Italy Market Overview
7.1.5 Spain Market Overview
7.1.6 Sweden Market Overview
7.1.7 Denmark Market Overview
7.1.8 Netherlands Market Overview
7.1.9 Switzerland Market Overview
7.1.10 Belgium Market Overview
7.1.11 Russia Market Overview
7.2 Europe Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Type
7.3 Europe Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Application
7.4 Top Players in Europe Special Equipment Manufacturing Market
8 Asia-Pacific Market Overview
8.1 Asia-Pacific Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Country
8.1.1 China Market Overview
8.1.2 Japan Market Overview
8.1.3 South Korea Market Overview
8.1.4 India Market Overview
8.1.5 Australia Market Overview
8.1.6 Indonesia Market Overview
8.1.7 Malaysia Market Overview
8.1.8 Philippines Market Overview
8.1.9 Singapore Market Overview
8.1.10 Thailand Market Overview
8.1.11 Rest of APAC Market Overview
8.2 Asia-Pacific Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Type
8.3 Asia-Pacific Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Application
8.4 Top Players in Asia-Pacific Special Equipment Manufacturing Market
9 South America Market Overview
9.1 South America Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Country
9.1.1 Brazil Market Overview
9.1.2 Argentina Market Overview
9.1.3 Columbia Market Overview
9.2 South America Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Type
9.3 South America Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Application
9.4 Top Players in South America Special Equipment Manufacturing Market
10 Middle East and Africa Market Overview
10.1 Middle East and Africa Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Country
10.1.1 Saudi Arabia Market Overview
10.1.2 UAE Market Overview
10.1.3 Egypt Market Overview
10.1.4 Nigeria Market Overview
10.1.5 South Africa Market Overview
10.2 Middle East and Africa Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Type
10.3 Middle East and Africa Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size by Application
10.4 Top Players in Middle East and Africa Special Equipment Manufacturing Market
11 Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Segmentation by Type
11.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Type)
11.2 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales Market Share by Type (2020-2033)
11.3 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size Market Share by Type (2020-2033)
11.4 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Price by Type (2020-2033)
12 Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Segmentation by Application
12.1 Evaluation Matrix of Segment Market Development Potential (Application)
12.2 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Sales by Application (2020-2033)
12.3 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Market Size (M USD) by Application (2020-2033)
12.4 Global Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales Growth Rate by Application (2020-2033)
13 Company Profiles
13.1 Metso Outotec
13.1.1 Metso Outotec Company Overview
13.1.2 Metso Outotec Business Overview
13.1.3 Metso Outotec Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.1.4 Metso Outotec Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.1.5 Key News
13.2 Sandvik
13.2.1 Sandvik Company Overview
13.2.2 Sandvik Business Overview
13.2.3 Sandvik Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.2.4 Sandvik Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.2.5 Key News
13.3 ThyssenKrupp
13.3.1 ThyssenKrupp Company Overview
13.3.2 ThyssenKrupp Business Overview
13.3.3 ThyssenKrupp Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.3.4 ThyssenKrupp Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.3.5 Key News
13.4 Caterpillar
13.4.1 Caterpillar Company Overview
13.4.2 Caterpillar Business Overview
13.4.3 Caterpillar Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.4.4 Caterpillar Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.4.5 Key News
13.5 Lummus Corporation
13.5.1 Lummus Corporation Company Overview
13.5.2 Lummus Corporation Business Overview
13.5.3 Lummus Corporation Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.5.4 Lummus Corporation Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.5.5 Key News
13.6 KraussMaffei Group
13.6.1 KraussMaffei Group Company Overview
13.6.2 KraussMaffei Group Business Overview
13.6.3 KraussMaffei Group Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.6.4 KraussMaffei Group Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.6.5 Key News
13.7 Homag Group
13.7.1 Homag Group Company Overview
13.7.2 Homag Group Business Overview
13.7.3 Homag Group Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.7.4 Homag Group Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.7.5 Key News
13.8 GEA
13.8.1 GEA Company Overview
13.8.2 GEA Business Overview
13.8.3 GEA Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.8.4 GEA Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.8.5 Key News
13.9 SATAKE CORPORATION
13.9.1 SATAKE CORPORATION Company Overview
13.9.2 SATAKE CORPORATION Business Overview
13.9.3 SATAKE CORPORATION Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.9.4 SATAKE CORPORATION Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.9.5 Key News
13.10 Buhler
13.10.1 Buhler Company Overview
13.10.2 Buhler Business Overview
13.10.3 Buhler Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.10.4 Buhler Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.10.5 Key News
13.11 Heidelberg
13.11.1 Heidelberg Company Overview
13.11.2 Heidelberg Business Overview
13.11.3 Heidelberg Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.11.4 Heidelberg Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.11.5 Key News
13.12 BOBST
13.12.1 BOBST Company Overview
13.12.2 BOBST Business Overview
13.12.3 BOBST Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.12.4 BOBST Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.12.5 Key News
13.13 Syntegon
13.13.1 Syntegon Company Overview
13.13.2 Syntegon Business Overview
13.13.3 Syntegon Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.13.4 Syntegon Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.13.5 Key News
13.14 Saurer
13.14.1 Saurer Company Overview
13.14.2 Saurer Business Overview
13.14.3 Saurer Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.14.4 Saurer Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.14.5 Key News
13.15 Rieter
13.15.1 Rieter Company Overview
13.15.2 Rieter Business Overview
13.15.3 Rieter Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.15.4 Rieter Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.15.5 Key News
13.16 Brother
13.16.1 Brother Company Overview
13.16.2 Brother Business Overview
13.16.3 Brother Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.16.4 Brother Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.16.5 Key News
13.17 GE
13.17.1 GE Company Overview
13.17.2 GE Business Overview
13.17.3 GE Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.17.4 GE Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.17.5 Key News
13.18 Siemens
13.18.1 Siemens Company Overview
13.18.2 Siemens Business Overview
13.18.3 Siemens Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.18.4 Siemens Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.18.5 Key News
13.19 Applied Material
13.19.1 Applied Material Company Overview
13.19.2 Applied Material Business Overview
13.19.3 Applied Material Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.19.4 Applied Material Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.19.5 Key News
13.20 CNH Industrial
13.20.1 CNH Industrial Company Overview
13.20.2 CNH Industrial Business Overview
13.20.3 CNH Industrial Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.20.4 CNH Industrial Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.20.5 Key News
13.21 Deere
13.21.1 Deere Company Overview
13.21.2 Deere Business Overview
13.21.3 Deere Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.21.4 Deere Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.21.5 Key News
13.22 AGCO Corporation
13.22.1 AGCO Corporation Company Overview
13.22.2 AGCO Corporation Business Overview
13.22.3 AGCO Corporation Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.22.4 AGCO Corporation Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.22.5 Key News
13.23 Medtronic
13.23.1 Medtronic Company Overview
13.23.2 Medtronic Business Overview
13.23.3 Medtronic Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.23.4 Medtronic Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.23.5 Key News
13.24 Johnson and Johnson
13.24.1 Johnson and Johnson Company Overview
13.24.2 Johnson and Johnson Business Overview
13.24.3 Johnson and Johnson Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.24.4 Johnson and Johnson Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.24.5 Key News
13.25 GE Healthcare
13.25.1 GE Healthcare Company Overview
13.25.2 GE Healthcare Business Overview
13.25.3 GE Healthcare Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.25.4 GE Healthcare Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.25.5 Key News
13.26 Ecolab
13.26.1 Ecolab Company Overview
13.26.2 Ecolab Business Overview
13.26.3 Ecolab Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.26.4 Ecolab Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.26.5 Key News
13.27 Alfa Laval
13.27.1 Alfa Laval Company Overview
13.27.2 Alfa Laval Business Overview
13.27.3 Alfa Laval Special Equipment Manufacturing Major Product Offerings
13.27.4 Alfa Laval Special Equipment Manufacturing Sales and Revenue fromSpecial Equipment Manufacturing (2020-2025)
13.27.5 Key News
14 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
14.1 Key Takeway
14.2 Market Opportunities & Trends
14.3 Market Drivers
14.4 Market Restraints
14.5 Market Major Factor Assessment
14.6 Porter's Five Forces Analysis of Special Equipment Manufacturing Market
14.7 PEST Analysis of Special Equipment Manufacturing Market
15 Analysis of the Special Equipment Manufacturing Industry Chain
15.1 Overview of the Industry Chain
15.2 Upstream Segment Analysis
15.3 Midstream Segment Analysis
15.3.1 Manufacturing, Processing or Conversion Process Analysis
15.3.2 Key Technology Analysis
15.4 Downstream Segment Analysis
15.4.1 Downstream Customer List and Contact Details
15.4.2 Customer Concerns or Preference Analysis
16 Conclusion
17 Appendix
17.1 Methodology
17.2 Research Process and Data Source
17.3 Disclaimer
17.4 Note
17.5 Examples of Clients
17.6 Disclaimer
Research Methodology
The research methodology employed in this study follows a structured, four-stage process designed to ensure the accuracy, consistency, and relevance of all data and insights presented. The process begins with Information Procurement, wherein data is collected from a wide range of primary and secondary sources. This is followed by Information Analysis, during which the collected data is systematically mapped, discrepancies across sources are examined, and consistency is established through cross-validation.


Subsequently, the Market Formulation phase involves placing verified data points into an appropriate market context to generate meaningful conclusions. This step integrates analyst interpretation and expert heuristics to refine findings and ensure applicability. Finally, all conclusions undergo a rigorous Validation and Publishing process, where each data point is re-evaluated before inclusion in the final deliverable. The methodology emphasizes bidirectional flow and reversibility between key stages to maintain flexibility and reinforce the integrity of the analysis.
Research Process
The market research process follows a structured and iterative methodology designed to ensure accuracy, depth, and reliability. It begins with scope definition and research design, where the research objectives are clearly outlined based on client requirements, emerging market trends, and initial exploratory insights. This phase provides strategic direction for all subsequent stages of the research.
Data collection is then conducted through both secondary and primary research. Secondary research involves analyzing publicly available and paid sources such as company filings, industry journals, and government databases to build foundational knowledge. This is followed by primary research, which includes direct interviews and surveys with key industry stakeholders—such as manufacturers, distributors, and end users—to gather firsthand insights and address data gaps identified earlier. Techniques included CATI (Computer-Assisted Telephonic Interviewing), CAWI (Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing), CAVI (Computer-Assisted Video Interviewing via platforms like Zoom and WebEx), and CASI (Computer-Assisted Self Interviewing via email or LinkedIn).